SELF – FULFILLING PROPHECY
Ø A self-fulfilling
prophecy is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to
become true, by the very terms of the prophecy itself, due to positive feedback between belief and
behaviour. Although examples of such prophecies can be found in
literature as far back as ancient Greece and ancient India, it is 20th-centurysociologist Robert K. Merton who is credited
with coining the expression "self-fulfilling prophecy" and
formalizing its structure and consequences. In his book Social Theory and Social Structure, Merton defines
self-fulfilling prophecy in the following terms: e.g. when Roxanna falsely
believes her marriage will fail, her fears of such failure actually cause the
marriage to fail.
Ø The self-fulfilling prophecy
is, in the beginning, a false definition of the situation
evoking a new behaviour which makes the original false conception come 'true'.
This specious validity of the self-fulfilling prophecy perpetuates a reign of
error. For the prophet will cite the actual course of events as proof that he
was right from the very beginning.
Ø In other words, a
positive or negative prophecy, strongly held belief, or delusion - declared as
truth when it is actually false - may sufficiently influence people so that their
reactions ultimately fulfil the once-false prophecy.
Ø Merton's concept of the self-fulfilling
prophecy stems from the Thomas theorem, which states that "If
men define situations as real, they are real in their
consequences." According to Thomas, people react not only to the
situations they are in, but also, and often primarily, to the way they perceive
the situations and to the meaning they assign to these perceptions. Therefore,
their behaviour is determined in part by their perception and the meaning they
ascribe to the situations they are in, rather than by the situations
themselves. Once people convince themselves that a situation really has a
certain meaning, regardless of whether it actually does, they will take very
real actions in consequence.
Ø Merton concluded that the only way to break the cycle of
self-fulfilling prophecy is by redefining the propositions on which its false
assumptions are originally based.
Now the one & only
question flying in the air here is: What
are you going to do about it??
Good Luck!!
J
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